Forest regeneration and biodiversity at the forest-steppe border of the Altai and Khangay Mountains under contrasting developments of livestock numbers in Kazakhstan and Mongolia

Socioeconomy

  • Land-use pressure

  • Livelihoods

  • Formal and informal regulations for land use

  • Nomads' perception of climate warming



    Nomad gers and livestock in a high valley in the Mongolian Altai.
    Around 20 % of the Mongolian population lives as pastoral nomads.



    Yak cart used for water transport in the Khangai Mountains.



    Nomad ger in the forest steppe of the Khangai Mountains.



    Horses browsing in the forest-steppe ecotone of the Kazakh Altai.



    Hay making in the Kazakh Altai.